Agricultural Prices ISSN: 1937-4216 Released February 28, 2025, by the National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS), Agricultural Statistics Board, United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). January Prices Received Index Up 2.1 Percent The January Prices Received Index 2011 Base (Agricultural Production), at 129.4, increased 2.1 percent from December and 16 percent from January 2024. At 88.5, the Crop Production Index was down 4.4 percent from last month and 9.5 percent from the previous year. The Livestock Production Index, at 188.8, increased 9.4 percent from December and 38 percent from January last year. Producers received higher prices during January for market eggs, cattle, milk, and broilers but lower prices for tomatoes, broccoli, lettuce, and cauliflower. In addition to prices, the volume change of commodities marketed also influences the indexes. In January, there was increased monthly movement for soybeans, cattle, corn, and strawberries and decreased marketing of market eggs, grapes, hogs, and cotton. January Prices Paid Index Up 3.4 Percent The January Prices Paid Index for Commodities and Services, Interest, Taxes, and Farm Wage Rates (PPITW), at 146.7, is up 3.4 percent from December 2024 and 4.9 percent from January 2024. Higher prices in January for feeder cattle, other services, feeder pigs, and taxes more than offset lower prices for interest, hay & forages, concentrates, and nitrogen. Prices Received, Prices Paid, and Ratio of Prices Received to Prices Paid Indexes 2011 Base - United States: January 2025 with Comparisons ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : January : December : January Index Group : 2024 : 2024 : 2025 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : percent percent percent : : Prices received by farmers ...............: 111.8 126.7 129.4 : Prices paid by farmers ...................: 139.9 141.9 146.7 : Ratio of prices received to prices paid ..: 80 89 88 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Contents Prices Received by Farmers..................................................................................... 4 Prices Received Indexes, 2011 Base - United States: January 2025 with Comparisons.............................. 5 Prices Received Indexes, 1910-1914 Base - United States: January 2025 with Comparisons......................... 5 Prices Received Indexes, 2011 Base by Month for Selected Groups - United States: 2024 and 2025................. 5 Prices Paid Indexes, 2011 Base by Month for Selected Groups - United States: 2024 and 2025..................... 6 Prices Received for Field Crops and Fruits - United States: January 2025 with Comparisons...................... 7 Prices Received for Vegetables and Livestock - United States: January 2025 with Comparisons.................... 8 Prices Received for All Wheat, Corn, and Soybeans by Month - United States: 2025 with Comparisons.............. 9 Prices Received for Beef Cattle and All Hogs by Month - United States: 2025 with Comparisons................... 9 Prices Received for All Wheat - States and United States: January 2025 with Comparisons........................ 10 Prices Received for Winter Wheat - States and United States: January 2025 with Comparisons..................... 10 Prices Received for Durum Wheat - States and United States: January 2025 with Comparisons...................... 11 Prices Received for Spring Wheat - States and United States: January 2025 with Comparisons..................... 11 Prices Received for Oats - States and United States: January 2025 with Comparisons............................. 11 Prices Received for All Barley - States and United States: January 2025 with Comparisons....................... 12 Prices Received for Malting Barley - States and United States: January 2025 with Comparisons................... 12 Prices Received for Feed Barley - States and United States: January 2025 with Comparisons...................... 12 Prices Received for Corn - States and United States: January 2025 with Comparisons............................. 13 Prices Received for Sorghum Grain - States and United States: January 2025 with Comparisons.................... 13 Prices Received for Soybeans - States and United States: January 2025 with Comparisons......................... 14 Prices Received for Dry Edible Beans - States and United States: January 2025 with Comparisons................. 14 Prices Received for Dry Edible Peas - States and United States: January 2025 with Comparisons.................. 15 Prices Received for Lentils - States and United States: January 2025 with Comparisons.......................... 15 Prices Received for All Chickpeas - States and United States: January 2025 with Comparisons.................... 15 Prices Received for Canola - States and United States: January 2025 with Comparisons........................... 16 Prices Received for Flaxseed - States and United States: January 2025 with Comparisons......................... 16 Prices Received for Peanuts (in shell) - States and United States: January 2025 with Comparisons............... 16 Prices Received for Sunflower - States and United States: January 2025 with Comparisons........................ 16 Prices Received for Upland Cotton and Cottonseed - States and United States: January 2025 with Comparisons..... 17 Prices Received and Marketings for Upland Cotton and Rice - United States: January 2025 with Comparisons....... 17 Prices Received for Hay by Type - States and United States: January 2025 with Comparisons...................... 18 Prices Received for Premium and Supreme Alfalfa Hay - States and 5-State Total: January 2025................... 18 Prices Received for Citrus Fruits by Utilization - States and United States: January 2024...................... 19 Prices Received for Citrus Fruits by Utilization - States and United States: December 2024..................... 19 Prices Received for Citrus Fruits by Utilization - States and United States: January 2025...................... 19 Prices Received for All Milk - States and United States: January 2025 with Comparisons......................... 20 Prices Received for Milk Cows - States and United States: January 2025 with Comparisons........................ 20 Parity Price Overview.......................................................................................... 21 Commodity Parity Prices and Price as Percent of Parity Price - United States: January 2025 with Comparisons.... 22 Commodity Parity Prices - United States: January 2025 with Comparisons......................................... 23 Marketing Year for Specified Commodities....................................................................... 25 Cattle Market Year Average Prices Received - United States: Marketing Years 2023 and 2024...................... 25 Hog Market Year Average Prices Received - United States: Marketing Years 2023 and 2024......................... 25 Milk Cow Market Year Average Prices Received - States and United States: Marketing Years 2023 and 2024 ........ 26 Prices Received for Cows, Steers and Heifers, Calves, Beef Cattle, and Milk Cows by Month - United States: Marketing Years 2023 and 2024............................................................................... 27 Prices Received for Barrows and Gilts, Sows, and All Hogs by Month - United States: Marketing Years 2023 and 2024............................................................................................... 27 Prices Received for Milk Cows by Month - States and United States: 2024........................................ 28 Prices Received Value per Head and Total Value for All Cattle and Calves - States and United States: January 1, 2024 and 2025.................................................................................... 29 Prices Received Value per Head and Total Value for Hogs - States and United States: December 1, 2023 and 2024.................................................................................................... 30 Prices Received Value per Head and Total Value for Sheep and Lambs - States and United States: January 1, 2024 and 2025.................................................................................... 31 Prices Received Value per Head and Total Value for Angora Goats - States and United States: January 1, 2024 and 2025.................................................................................................... 31 Other Hay Baled Market Year Average Prices Received - Selected Regions: 2020-2022, 2021-2023, and 2022-2024 Averages.......................................................................................... 32 Reliability of Prices Received Estimates....................................................................... 33 Prices Paid by Farmers......................................................................................... 34 Prices Paid Indexes and Related Parity Ratios - United States: January 2025 with Comparisons................... 35 Prices Paid Indexes and Annual Weights for Input Components and Sub-components - United States: January 2025 with Comparisons............................................................................... 36 Feed Price Ratios - United States: January 2025 with Comparisons............................................... 37 Prices Received Used to Calculate Feed Price Ratios - United States: January 2025 with Comparisons............. 37 Prices Paid for Feeder Livestock - United States: January 2025 with Comparisons................................ 37 Reliability of Prices Paid Estimates........................................................................... 38 Information Contacts........................................................................................... 39 January Prices Received by Farmers Crop production: The January index, at 88.5, is down 4.4 percent from December and 9.5 percent from January 2024. The vegetable & melon, fruit & tree nut, and other crop index decreases more than offset the grain & oilseed index increase. Grain and oilseed: The January index, at 77.0, is up 2.4 percent from December but down 15 percent from January 2024. The feed grain, food grain, and oilseed indexes were all up. Feed grain: The January index, at 71.9, increased 1.4 percent from last month but decreased 9.6 percent from a year ago. The corn price, at $4.29 per bushel, is up 6 cents from last month but down 45 cents from January 2024. Food grain: At 90.5, the index for January increased 4.7 percent from the previous month but decreased 12 percent from a year ago. The January price for all wheat, at $5.52 per bushel, is 3 cents higher than December but $1.25 lower than January 2024. The January price for rice, at $16.80 per cwt, is $1.40 higher than December but $1.10 lower than January 2024. Oilseed: At 80.4, the index for January increased 2.2 percent from December but decreased 21 percent from January 2024. The soybean price, at $10.00 per bushel, is 21 cents higher than December but $2.80 lower than January a year earlier. Fruit and tree nut: The January index, at 139.0, is down 8.3 percent from December but up 9.1 percent from a year earlier. Price decreases during January for lemons, strawberries, grapefruit, and pears more than offset price increases for oranges and apples. Vegetable and melon: At 151.1, the index for January is down 12 percent from the previous month and 7.3 percent from January 2024. Price declines during January for tomatoes, broccoli, lettuce, and cauliflower more than offset price increases for celery, onions, and potatoes. Other crop: The January index, at 84.8, is down 1.3 percent from the previous month and 16 percent from January 2024. The all hay price, at $153.00 per ton, is $4.00 lower than December and $38.00 lower than January 2024. At 61.9 cents per pound, the price for upland cotton is 0.5 cents lower than December and 14.8 cents lower than January 2024. Livestock production: The index for January, at 188.8, increased 9.4 percent from the previous month and 38 percent from January a year earlier. The meat animal, dairy, and poultry & egg indexes were all up. Meat animal: At 156.5, the January index increased 7.5 percent from the previous month and 19 percent from a year earlier. The January beef cattle price of $199.00 per cwt is $9.00 higher than the previous month and $27.00 higher than January 2024. At $61.10 per cwt, the January hog price is $1.20 lower than December and $8.10 higher than a year earlier. Dairy: The index for January, at 119.9, is up 3.5 percent from the previous month and 20 percent from January a year ago. The January all milk price of $24.10 per cwt is 80 cents higher than December and $4.00 higher than January 2024. Poultry and egg: At 296.9, the January index increased 17 percent from December and 74 percent from January 2024. The January market egg price, at $6.50 per dozen, is $1.89 higher than December and $4.49 higher than January 2024. The January broiler price, at 77.5 cents per pound, is 1.5 cents higher than December and 3.3 cents higher than a year ago. At 51.1 cents per pound, the January turkey price is 0.5 cents lower than the previous month and 3.0 cents lower than January 2024. Food Commodities: The index, at 150.9, increased 1.8 percent from the previous month and 20 percent from January 2024. Prices Received Indexes, 2011 Base - United States: January 2025 with Comparisons [Revised historical price indexes for months not shown are available at www.nass.usda.gov] -------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2011 Base :----------------------------------- : January : December : January Index Group : 2024 : 2024 : 2025 -------------------------------------------------------------------- : percent : Agricultural production ........: 111.8 126.7 129.4 Crop production ..............: 97.8 92.6 88.5 Grain and oilseed ..........: 90.2 75.2 77.0 Feed grain ...............: 79.5 70.9 71.9 Food grain ...............: 103.1 86.4 90.5 Oilseed ..................: 102.2 78.7 80.4 Fruit and tree nut .........: 127.4 151.5 139.0 Vegetable and melon ........: 163.0 171.1 151.1 Other crop .................: 100.4 85.9 84.8 : Livestock production .........: 136.5 172.5 188.8 Meat animal ................: 131.2 145.6 156.5 Cattle ...................: 154.5 172.0 179.8 Hog ......................: 79.7 93.7 91.9 Dairy ......................: 100.0 115.9 119.9 Poultry and egg ............: 170.8 254.4 296.9 : Food commodity .................: 125.4 148.3 150.9 -------------------------------------------------------------------- Prices Received Indexes, 1910-1914 Base - United States: January 2025 with Comparisons [Revised historical price indexes for months not shown are available at www.nass.usda.gov] -------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1910 - 1914 Base :----------------------------------- : January : December : January Index Group : 2024 : 2024 : 2025 -------------------------------------------------------------------- : percent : Agricultural production ........: 1154 1307 1335 Crop production ..............: 853 807 771 Livestock production .........: 1587 2005 2195 -------------------------------------------------------------------- Prices Received Indexes, 2011 Base by Month for Selected Groups - United States: 2024 and 2025 [Revised historical price indexes for months not shown are available at www.nass.usda.gov. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2011 Base :--------------------------------------------------------------- Month : Agricultural : Crop : Livestock : Food : production : production : production : commodities :--------------------------------------------------------------- : 2024 : 2025 : 2024 : 2025 : 2024 : 2025 : 2024 : 2025 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : -- percent -- percent -- percent -- -- percent -- : January .......: 111.8 129.4 97.8 88.5 136.5 188.8 125.4 150.9 February ......: 120.4 100.9 141.4 133.7 March .........: 122.2 99.8 144.6 135.5 April .........: 122.6 101.5 142.7 134.1 May ...........: 123.8 103.6 143.0 135.4 June ..........: 126.8 107.0 147.8 140.0 July ..........: 123.1 99.9 152.2 136.5 August ........: 127.8 99.9 158.2 143.9 September .....: 120.6 98.7 146.3 133.7 October .......: 112.5 89.4 155.0 126.1 November ......: 120.2 94.4 158.9 142.3 December ......: 126.7 92.6 172.5 148.3 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Prices Paid Indexes, 2011 Base by Month for Selected Groups - United States: 2024 and 2025 [Revised historical price indexes for months not shown are available at www.nass.usda.gov. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2011 Base :--------------------------------------------------------------- Month : All items : : Crop : Livestock : (PPITW) : Production : sector : sector :--------------------------------------------------------------- : 2024 : 2025 : 2024 : 2025 : 2024 : 2025 : 2024 : 2025 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : -- percent -- -- percent -- -- percent -- -- percent -- : January .......: 139.9 146.7 136.1 144.3 138.5 142.7 141.4 150.7 February ......: 140.5 136.9 138.6 142.6 March .........: 141.3 137.7 139.1 143.7 April .........: 140.9 137.5 138.9 143.1 May ...........: 140.9 137.4 138.7 143.2 June ..........: 140.6 137.0 138.5 142.8 July ..........: 140.3 136.6 138.5 142.3 August ........: 138.9 134.8 138.0 139.9 September .....: 138.6 134.3 137.9 139.4 October .......: 140.4 136.5 138.4 142.4 November ......: 140.9 137.2 138.4 143.6 December ......: 141.9 138.5 138.6 145.4 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Prices Received for Field Crops and Fruits - United States: January 2025 with Comparisons ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : 2011 : : : Commodity : Base Price : January 2024 :December 2024 : January 2025 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Field crops : Barley, all ...............dollars/bushel: 4.79 7.54 6.45 5.99 Feed .....................dollars/bushel: 4.59 5.05 3.55 3.89 Malting ..................dollars/bushel: 4.83 7.89 6.98 6.40 Beans, dry edible ............dollars/cwt: 34.60 41.70 38.00 38.70 Canola .......................dollars/cwt: 23.10 24.40 19.30 20.10 Chickpeas, all ...............dollars/cwt: 35.70 36.20 33.10 28.20 Large .......................dollars/cwt: 39.20 36.80 35.20 31.20 Small .......................dollars/cwt: 23.40 31.30 28.80 23.40 Corn ......................dollars/bushel: 6.02 4.74 4.23 4.29 : Cotton, Upland .............dollars/pound: 0.880 0.767 0.624 0.619 Cottonseed ...................dollars/ton: 131.00 174.00 224.00 217.00 Flaxseed ..................dollars/bushel: 14.20 12.10 12.30 12.80 Hay, all, baled ..............dollars/ton: 159.00 191.00 157.00 153.00 Alfalfa .....................dollars/ton: 176.00 202.00 164.00 161.00 Other .......................dollars/ton: 119.00 174.00 145.00 140.00 Lentils ......................dollars/cwt: 27.50 37.90 36.60 36.20 Oats ......................dollars/bushel: 3.42 4.07 3.19 3.55 Peanuts, in-shell ..........dollars/pound: 0.252 0.271 0.239 0.259 : Peas, dry edible .............dollars/cwt: 13.60 16.20 13.90 14.10 Rice, all ....................dollars/cwt: 13.70 17.90 15.40 16.80 Long ........................dollars/cwt: 12.30 16.00 13.90 14.50 Medium and short ............dollars/cwt: 18.40 21.90 21.10 22.40 Sorghum grain ................dollars/cwt: 10.70 8.73 7.20 7.44 Soybeans ..................dollars/bushel: 12.50 12.80 9.79 10.00 Sunflowers, all ..............dollars/cwt: 29.00 21.40 21.50 23.10 : Wheat, all ................dollars/bushel: 7.44 6.77 5.49 5.52 Winter ...................dollars/bushel: 6.93 6.28 5.27 5.26 Durum ....................dollars/bushel: 9.22 9.36 6.66 6.77 Other spring .............dollars/bushel: 8.33 7.04 5.69 5.83 Hard red winter ..........dollars/bushel: 7.07 6.23 5.22 5.20 Soft red winter ..........dollars/bushel: 6.77 6.31 5.57 5.71 Hard red spring ..........dollars/bushel: 8.38 7.04 5.72 5.87 White ....................dollars/bushel: 6.58 6.63 5.33 5.18 : Fruits : Citrus, equivalent on-tree : Grapefruit ..................dollars/box: 7.47 23.61 26.79 25.40 Lemons ......................dollars/box: 12.30 15.69 27.61 15.15 Oranges .....................dollars/box: 8.16 10.77 13.33 14.16 : Non-citrus, fresh 1/ : Apples ...................dollars/pound: 0.325 0.624 0.741 0.747 Grapes .....................dollars/ton: 598.00 (S) 2,990.00 (S) Peaches ....................dollars/ton: 507.00 (S) (S) (S) Pears ......................dollars/ton: 559.00 1,190.00 1,620.00 1,580.00 Strawberries ................dollars/cwt: 104.00 254.00 320.00 225.00 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ (S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate. 1/ Beginning February 2020, price reflects FOB shipping point basis. Prices Received for Vegetables and Livestock - United States: January 2025 with Comparisons [Price data source for potato, livestock, and poultry commodities is United States Department of Agriculture's Agricultural Marketing Service] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : 2011 : : : Commodity : Base Price : January 2024 :December 2024 : January 2025 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Vegetables, fresh 1/ : Asparagus ....................dollars/cwt: 37.50 (S) (S) (S) Beans, snap ..................dollars/cwt: 69.00 142.00 84.50 50.10 Broccoli .....................dollars/cwt: 41.60 87.00 115.00 71.30 Cantaloupes ..................dollars/cwt: 16.50 (S) (S) (S) Carrots ......................dollars/cwt: 30.80 57.10 72.60 70.20 Cauliflower ..................dollars/cwt: 47.00 66.70 128.00 62.20 Celery .......................dollars/cwt: 22.50 54.70 88.90 105.00 Corn, sweet ..................dollars/cwt: 30.70 79.80 72.30 39.50 Cucumbers ....................dollars/cwt: 18.70 36.90 22.30 13.90 Lettuce, head ................dollars/cwt: 24.30 28.00 30.40 25.30 Onions 2/ ....................dollars/cwt: 11.90 47.60 33.70 34.50 Potatoes .....................dollars/cwt: 14.30 10.50 10.40 10.60 Tomatoes .....................dollars/cwt: 51.20 127.00 147.00 45.20 : Livestock : Calves .......................dollars/cwt: 142.00 300.00 356.00 367.00 Cattle, all beef .............dollars/cwt: 115.00 172.00 190.00 199.00 Cows 3/ .....................dollars/cwt: 71.60 103.00 121.00 126.00 Steers and heifers ..........dollars/cwt: 117.00 176.00 193.00 202.00 Milk cows 4/ ................dollars/head: 1,420.00 1,890.00 (NA) 2,660.00 Hogs, all ....................dollars/cwt: 66.50 53.00 62.30 61.10 Barrows and gilts ...........dollars/cwt: 66.80 53.90 62.90 61.40 Sows ........................dollars/cwt: 57.90 36.80 50.60 55.30 : Dairy and poultry : Milk, all 5/ .................dollars/cwt: 20.10 20.10 23.30 24.10 Fat test ........................percent: 4.46 4.35 4.46 4.46 Broilers, live 6/ ..........dollars/pound: 0.459 0.742 0.760 0.775 Eggs, all ..................dollars/dozen: 0.969 2.13 4.34 5.95 Market 7/ .................dollars/dozen: 0.796 2.01 4.61 6.50 Turkeys, live 8/ ...........dollars/pound: 0.680 0.541 0.516 0.511 : Adjusted for seasonal variation : Eggs, all ..................dollars/dozen: 0.979 1.85 3.61 5.10 Seasonal factor .................percent: 101 115 120 117 Milk, all ....................dollars/cwt: 20.20 19.90 23.10 23.80 Seasonal factor .................percent: 100 101 101 101 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ (NA) Not available. (S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate. 1/ Beginning February 2020, price reflects FOB shipping point basis 2/ Includes some processing. 3/ Beef cows and cull dairy cows sold for slaughter. 4/ Animals sold for dairy herd replacement only. Prices available for January, April, July, and October. 5/ Before deductions for hauling. Includes quality, quantity, and other premiums. Excludes hauling subsidies. 6/ Live weight equivalent price. 7/ Also referred to as table eggs. 8/ Live weight equivalent price is used when actual live weight price is not available. Beginning January 2011, price reflects FOB shipping point basis. Prior year price reflects delivered basis. Prices Received for All Wheat, Corn, and Soybeans by Month - United States: 2025 with Comparisons [Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : All wheat : Corn : Soybeans Month :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2023 : 2024 : 2025 : 2023 : 2024 : 2025 : 2023 : 2024 : 2025 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : dollars per bushel : January ....: 8.81 6.77 5.52 6.63 4.74 4.29 14.50 12.80 10.00 February ...: 8.54 6.34 6.80 4.36 15.10 11.90 March ......: 8.35 6.01 6.67 4.36 14.90 11.80 April ......: 8.31 5.90 6.70 4.39 14.90 11.80 May ........: 8.07 6.19 6.54 4.51 14.40 11.90 June .......: 7.67 5.86 6.49 4.48 14.20 11.80 July .......: 7.61 5.52 6.22 4.23 14.70 11.30 August .....: 7.34 5.23 5.73 3.84 14.10 10.30 September ..: 7.06 5.36 5.21 3.98 13.20 10.20 October ....: 6.96 5.47 4.93 3.99 12.70 9.91 November ...: 6.52 5.45 4.66 4.07 13.00 9.84 December ...: 6.79 5.49 4.80 4.23 13.10 9.79 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Prices Received for Beef Cattle and All Hogs by Month - United States: 2025 with Comparisons [Price data source for livestock commodities is United States Department of Agriculture's Agricultural Marketing Service. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Beef cattle 1/ : All hogs 2/ Month :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2023 : 2024 : 2025 : 2023 : 2024 : 2025 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per cwt : January ..: 156.00 172.00 199.00 58.50 53.00 61.10 February .: 158.00 178.00 59.60 58.20 March ....: 164.00 185.00 61.70 62.80 April ....: 171.00 185.00 57.00 66.90 May ......: 173.00 186.00 58.80 67.90 June .....: 181.00 189.00 64.60 68.80 July .....: 181.00 193.00 74.30 68.40 August ...: 182.00 190.00 73.70 67.80 September : 181.00 183.00 64.90 64.30 October ..: 182.00 187.00 60.40 63.90 November .: 180.00 188.00 57.50 65.40 December .: 172.00 190.00 53.30 62.30 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Cows and steers & heifers. 2/ Barrows & gilts and sows. Prices Received for All Wheat - States and United States: January 2025 with Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : January 2024 : December 2024 : January 2025 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per bushel : Arizona ............: (S) (D) (S) Arkansas ...........: 5.55 (D) (D) California .........: (D) (S) (D) Colorado ...........: 6.10 5.09 5.05 Idaho ..............: 7.34 5.50 5.27 Illinois ...........: 6.20 5.68 5.78 Indiana ............: 6.70 5.98 5.66 Kansas .............: 6.09 5.09 5.13 Michigan ...........: 6.26 5.38 5.58 Minnesota ..........: 6.85 5.67 6.68 : Missouri ...........: 6.47 5.59 5.96 Montana ............: 6.85 5.78 5.62 Nebraska ...........: 5.92 4.69 4.87 North Carolina .....: 6.33 5.17 5.61 North Dakota .......: 7.51 5.74 5.79 Ohio ...............: 5.81 5.47 5.41 Oklahoma ...........: 6.12 5.16 5.38 Oregon .............: (S) (D) (D) Pennsylvania 1/ ....: (NA) 6.29 5.83 South Dakota .......: 6.51 5.46 5.23 : Texas ..............: 5.89 5.25 4.70 Washington .........: 6.21 5.21 5.23 : United States ......: 6.77 5.49 5.52 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (NA) Not available. (S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate. 1/ Monthly estimate began in July 2024. Prices Received for Winter Wheat - States and United States: January 2025 with Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : January 2024 : December 2024 : January 2025 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per bushel : Arkansas ...........: 5.55 (D) (D) California .........: (D) (S) (D) Colorado ...........: 6.10 5.09 5.05 Idaho ..............: 7.31 5.42 5.26 Illinois ...........: 6.20 5.68 5.78 Indiana ............: 6.70 5.98 5.66 Kansas .............: 6.09 5.09 5.13 Michigan ...........: 6.26 5.38 5.58 Missouri ...........: 6.47 5.59 5.96 Montana ............: 6.66 5.56 5.43 : Nebraska ...........: 5.92 4.69 4.87 North Carolina .....: 6.33 5.17 5.61 North Dakota .......: 6.77 5.24 4.65 Ohio ...............: 5.81 5.47 5.41 Oklahoma ...........: 6.12 5.16 5.38 Oregon .............: (S) (D) (D) Pennsylvania 1/ ....: (NA) 6.29 5.83 South Dakota .......: 6.26 5.06 5.00 Texas ..............: 5.89 5.25 4.70 Washington .........: 6.11 5.16 5.18 : United States ......: 6.28 5.27 5.26 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (NA) Not available. (S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate. 1/ Monthly estimate began in July 2024. Prices Received for Durum Wheat - States and United States: January 2025 with Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : January 2024 : December 2024 : January 2025 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per bushel : Arizona ............: (S) (D) (S) California .........: (S) (S) (D) Idaho 1/ ...........: (S) (NA) (NA) Montana ............: (S) (D) (D) North Dakota .......: 9.36 6.77 6.79 : United States ......: 9.36 6.66 6.77 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (NA) Not available. (S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate. 1/ Monthly estimate discontinued in July 2024. Prices Received for Spring Wheat - States and United States: January 2025 with Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : January 2024 : December 2024 : January 2025 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per bushel : Idaho ..............: 7.39 5.73 5.32 Minnesota ..........: 6.85 5.67 6.68 Montana ............: 7.24 6.34 6.50 North Dakota .......: 7.10 5.62 5.62 South Dakota .......: 6.79 5.72 5.57 Washington .........: 6.70 5.49 5.51 : United States ......: 7.04 5.69 5.83 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Prices Received for Oats - States and United States: January 2025 with Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : January 2024 : December 2024 : January 2025 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per bushel : Illinois ...........: (D) (D) (S) Iowa ...............: 4.66 4.07 3.86 Michigan ...........: (D) 4.44 4.32 Minnesota ..........: 3.97 3.44 3.36 Montana ............: (S) (S) (S) Nebraska ...........: 4.23 3.37 (D) New York ...........: (S) (S) (D) North Dakota .......: 4.02 2.97 3.33 Oregon 1/ ..........: (S) (NA) (NA) Pennsylvania .......: (D) (D) (D) South Dakota .......: 4.18 (D) 3.22 Texas ..............: (S) (S) (D) Wisconsin ..........: 4.24 3.23 3.60 : United States ......: 4.07 3.19 3.55 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (NA) Not available. (S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate. 1/ Monthly estimate discontinued in July 2024. Prices Received for All Barley - States and United States: January 2025 with Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : January 2024 : December 2024 : January 2025 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per bushel : California 1/ ......: (S) (NA) (NA) Colorado ...........: 7.59 6.49 7.13 Idaho ..............: 8.06 6.91 6.42 Minnesota ..........: (D) (D) (D) Montana ............: 7.45 5.47 5.90 North Dakota .......: 6.50 5.90 5.68 Washington .........: (D) (D) (D) Wyoming ............: (D) (D) (D) : United States ......: 7.54 6.45 5.99 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (NA) Not available. (S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate. 1/ Monthly estimate discontinued in July 2024. Prices Received for Malting Barley - States and United States: January 2025 with Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : January 2024 : December 2024 : January 2025 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per bushel : California 1/ ......: (S) (NA) (NA) Colorado ...........: 7.59 6.49 7.13 Idaho ..............: 8.09 7.32 6.58 Minnesota ..........: (D) (D) (D) Montana ............: 7.64 6.14 6.19 North Dakota .......: 7.38 6.59 6.39 Washington .........: (D) (D) (S) Wyoming ............: (D) (D) (D) : United States ......: 7.89 6.98 6.40 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (NA) Not available. (S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate. 1/ Monthly estimate discontinued in July 2024. Prices Received for Feed Barley - States and United States: January 2025 with Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : January 2024 : December 2024 : January 2025 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per bushel : California 1/ ......: (S) (NA) (NA) Colorado ...........: (S) (D) (D) Idaho ..............: (D) 3.50 2.77 Minnesota ..........: (S) (D) (D) Montana ............: (D) (D) (D) North Dakota .......: (D) (D) (D) Washington .........: (D) (D) (D) Wyoming ............: (S) (D) (S) : United States ......: 5.05 3.55 3.89 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (NA) Not available. (S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate. 1/ Monthly estimate discontinued in July 2024. Prices Received for Corn - States and United States: January 2025 with Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : January 2024 : December 2024 : January 2025 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per bushel : Colorado ...........: 5.10 4.54 4.74 Illinois ...........: 4.69 4.16 4.14 Indiana ............: 4.74 4.32 4.32 Iowa ...............: 4.84 4.27 4.37 Kansas .............: 4.79 4.27 4.50 Kentucky ...........: 5.03 4.42 4.71 Michigan ...........: 4.33 4.04 4.29 Minnesota ..........: 4.85 4.22 4.20 Missouri ...........: 4.79 4.21 4.33 Nebraska ...........: 4.87 4.30 4.40 : North Carolina .....: 5.44 5.17 5.43 North Dakota .......: 4.44 3.89 4.01 Ohio ...............: 4.43 4.31 4.33 Pennsylvania .......: 4.97 4.41 4.61 South Dakota .......: 4.42 3.98 4.08 Tennessee ..........: 4.99 4.53 4.69 Texas ..............: 5.37 4.81 5.14 Wisconsin ..........: 4.45 4.03 4.19 : United States ......: 4.74 4.23 4.29 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Prices Received for Sorghum Grain - States and United States: January 2025 with Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : January 2024 : December 2024 : January 2025 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per cwt : Kansas .............: 8.54 7.04 7.38 Nebraska ...........: 8.21 6.92 7.12 Oklahoma ...........: 8.63 (D) 7.50 Texas ..............: 9.47 7.90 8.28 : United States ......: 8.73 7.20 7.44 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. Prices Received for Soybeans - States and United States: January 2025 with Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : January 2024 : December 2024 : January 2025 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per bushel : Arkansas ...........: 12.90 10.10 10.10 Illinois ...........: 13.00 10.00 10.20 Indiana ............: 13.20 10.10 10.40 Iowa ...............: 12.60 9.67 9.86 Kansas .............: 12.10 9.32 9.58 Kentucky ...........: 13.20 10.40 10.50 Louisiana ..........: (D) (D) 10.40 Michigan ...........: 13.30 10.10 10.40 Minnesota ..........: 12.60 9.52 9.78 Mississippi ........: 12.90 10.10 10.20 : Missouri ...........: 12.90 9.82 10.10 Nebraska ...........: 12.70 9.63 9.69 North Carolina .....: 12.70 9.70 10.10 North Dakota .......: 12.30 9.30 9.43 Ohio ...............: 13.20 10.10 10.40 South Dakota .......: 12.40 9.63 9.67 Tennessee ..........: 13.20 10.20 10.50 Wisconsin ..........: 12.60 9.53 9.92 : United States ......: 12.80 9.79 10.00 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. Prices Received for Dry Edible Beans - States and United States: January 2025 with Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : January 2024 : December 2024 : January 2025 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per cwt : California 1/ ......: 92.80 (NA) (NA) Colorado ...........: (D) 38.70 (D) Idaho ..............: (D) (D) (D) Michigan ...........: 44.00 39.90 41.20 Minnesota ..........: 39.70 40.10 42.60 Nebraska ...........: (D) (D) (D) North Dakota .......: 39.40 33.20 31.40 Washington 2/ ......: (NA) (D) (D) : United States ......: 41.70 38.00 38.70 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (NA) Not available. 1/ Monthly estimate discontinued in September 2024. 2/ Monthly estimate began in September 2024. Prices Received for Dry Edible Peas - States and United States: January 2025 with Comparisons ------------------------------------------------------------- State : January 2024 :December 2024 : January 2025 ------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per cwt : Idaho ..........: (D) 13.90 (D) Montana ........: (D) (D) (D) Nebraska .......: (D) (D) (S) North Dakota ...: (D) 13.90 14.10 South Dakota 1/ : (D) (NA) (NA) Washington .....: (D) (D) 14.20 : United States ..: 16.20 13.90 14.10 ------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (NA) Not available. (S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate. 1/ Monthly estimate discontinued in July 2024. Prices Received for Lentils - States and United States: January 2025 with Comparisons ------------------------------------------------------------ State : January 2024 :December 2024 : January 2025 ------------------------------------------------------------ : dollars per cwt : Idaho 1/ ......: (D) (NA) (NA) Montana .......: (D) (D) (D) North Dakota ..: (D) 35.20 (D) Washington ....: (D) 37.30 38.90 : United States .: 37.90 36.60 36.20 ------------------------------------------------------------ (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (NA) Not available. 1/ Monthly estimate discontinued in July 2024. Prices Received for All Chickpeas - States and United States: January 2025 with Comparisons ------------------------------------------------------------ State : January 2024 :December 2024 : January 2025 ------------------------------------------------------------ : dollars per cwt : California 1/ .: (D) (NA) (NA) Idaho .........: (D) 32.00 (D) Montana .......: (D) (S) (S) North Dakota ..: (D) (D) 26.80 Washington ....: (D) 35.20 30.80 : United States .: 36.20 33.10 28.20 ------------------------------------------------------------ (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (NA) Not available. (S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate. 1/ Monthly estimate discontinued in September 2024. Prices Received for Canola - States and United States: January 2025 with Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : January 2024 : December 2024 : January 2025 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per cwt : Minnesota ..........: (S) (S) (D) Montana ............: (D) (D) 17.10 North Dakota .......: 24.40 19.40 20.20 Oklahoma 1/ ........: (S) (NA) (NA) Washington 2/ ......: (NA) 16.80 17.60 : United States ......: 24.40 19.30 20.10 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (NA) Not available. (S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate. 1/ Monthly estimate discontinued in July 2024. 2/ Monthly estimates began in July 2024. Prices Received for Flaxseed - States and United States: January 2025 with Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : January 2024 : December 2024 : January 2025 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per bushel : North Dakota .......: 12.10 12.30 12.80 : United States ......: 12.10 12.30 12.80 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Prices Received for Peanuts (in shell) - States and United States: January 2025 with Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : January 2024 : December 2024 : January 2025 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per pound : Alabama ............: 0.250 0.226 0.235 Arkansas ...........: (S) 0.257 (S) Florida ............: 0.258 0.297 0.239 Georgia ............: 0.263 0.222 0.248 Mississippi ........: 0.259 0.126 0.128 Missouri 1/ ........: (NA) (S) (S) New Mexico 2/ ......: (S) (S) (NA) North Carolina .....: 0.279 0.273 0.295 Oklahoma ...........: 0.371 0.288 0.302 South Carolina .....: 0.272 0.224 0.258 Texas ..............: 0.453 0.319 0.322 Virginia ...........: 0.282 0.281 0.277 : United States ......: 0.271 0.239 0.259 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (NA) Not available. (S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate. 1/ Monthly estimate began in August 2024. 2/ Monthly estimate discontinued in August 2024. Prices Received for Sunflower - States and United States: January 2025 with Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : January 2024 : December 2024 : January 2025 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per cwt : Kansas .............: (D) (S) (S) Minnesota ..........: (D) (D) 23.60 North Dakota .......: 22.30 21.40 23.70 South Dakota .......: 17.80 21.20 20.80 : United States ......: 21.40 21.50 23.10 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate. Prices Received for Upland Cotton and Cottonseed - States and United States: January 2025 with Comparisons [Cottonseed marketing year August - February] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Cotton, Upland : Cottonseed State :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : January : December : January : January : December : January : 2024 : 2024 : 2025 : 2024 : 2024 : 2025 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : -------- dollars per pound -------- --------- dollars per ton -------- : Alabama ............: 0.752 (D) (D) 225.00 172.00 159.00 Arizona ............: (D) (D) (S) 153.00 371.00 312.00 Arkansas ...........: (D) (D) 0.614 (S) 240.00 (S) California .........: (D) (S) (S) (S) 380.00 (S) Georgia ............: 0.800 0.652 0.638 162.00 163.00 163.00 Louisiana ..........: (D) 0.625 0.640 (S) (S) (S) Mississippi ........: 0.778 (D) 0.628 240.00 (S) (S) North Carolina .....: 0.816 0.637 0.631 (S) 223.00 215.00 Tennessee ..........: 0.743 (D) (D) (S) 220.00 (S) Texas ..............: 0.743 0.612 0.588 217.00 235.00 226.00 : United States ......: 0.767 0.624 0.619 174.00 224.00 217.00 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate. Prices Received and Marketings for Upland Cotton and Rice - United States: January 2025 with Comparisons ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Item : January 2024 : December 2024 : January 2025 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Cotton, Upland : Average price ......dollars/pound: 0.767 0.624 0.619 Marketings 1/ ........1,000 bales: 1,830 1,714 1,521 : Rice, all : Average price ........dollars/cwt: 17.90 15.40 16.80 Marketings 2/ ..........1,000 cwt: 20,442 16,855 16,494 : Rice, long : Average price ........dollars/cwt: 16.00 13.90 14.50 Marketings 2/ ..........1,000 cwt: 13,784 13,432 11,556 : Rice, medium and short : California : Average price ........dollars/cwt: 23.30 22.50 23.30 : Other States 3/ : Average price ........dollars/cwt: 18.00 14.80 15.80 : United States : Average price ........dollars/cwt: 21.90 21.10 22.40 Marketings 2/ ..........1,000 cwt: 6,658 3,423 4,938 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Marketings based on a survey of cotton buyers in the major producing States - Alabama, Arizona, Arkansas, California, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, North Carolina, Tennessee, and Texas. 2/ Purchases by private firms and rice (rough equivalent) shipped by cooperatives. 3/ Other States include Arkansas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Missouri, and Texas. Prices Received for Hay by Type - States and United States: January 2025 with Comparisons ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : All hay : Alfalfa hay : Other hay State :-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : January : December : January : January : December : January : January : December : January : 2024 : 2024 : 2025 : 2024 : 2024 : 2025 : 2024 : 2024 : 2025 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per ton : Arizona ..............: 219.00 175.00 184.00 225.00 175.00 185.00 150.00 130.00 135.00 California ...........: 244.00 241.00 229.00 250.00 250.00 240.00 230.00 210.00 200.00 Colorado .............: 244.00 164.00 164.00 245.00 165.00 165.00 240.00 160.00 155.00 Idaho ................: 190.00 150.00 150.00 190.00 150.00 150.00 185.00 155.00 150.00 Illinois .............: 180.00 166.00 163.00 190.00 185.00 180.00 150.00 125.00 120.00 Iowa .................: 165.00 108.00 112.00 172.00 118.00 117.00 144.00 92.00 104.00 Kansas ...............: 191.00 131.00 125.00 205.00 135.00 130.00 150.00 125.00 115.00 Kentucky .............: 195.00 185.00 190.00 221.00 220.00 225.00 186.00 175.00 180.00 Michigan .............: 175.00 159.00 160.00 195.00 170.00 170.00 135.00 140.00 140.00 Minnesota ............: 157.00 100.00 103.00 166.00 117.00 120.00 136.00 69.00 72.00 : Missouri .............: 141.00 128.00 127.00 180.00 180.00 180.00 135.00 115.00 115.00 Montana ..............: 157.00 149.00 138.00 160.00 150.00 140.00 150.00 145.00 130.00 Nebraska .............: 171.00 117.00 110.00 186.00 125.00 115.00 135.00 100.00 95.00 Nevada ...............: 164.00 174.00 164.00 165.00 175.00 165.00 150.00 155.00 145.00 New Mexico ...........: 261.00 223.00 213.00 270.00 235.00 225.00 225.00 160.00 150.00 New York .............: 187.00 197.00 191.00 245.00 235.00 246.00 181.00 186.00 175.00 North Dakota .........: 116.00 89.00 87.00 122.00 92.00 90.00 86.00 71.00 70.00 Ohio .................: 165.00 182.00 187.00 185.00 205.00 210.00 155.00 165.00 170.00 Oklahoma .............: 121.00 102.00 105.00 192.00 164.00 174.00 116.00 98.00 97.00 Oregon ...............: 240.00 212.00 209.00 240.00 210.00 205.00 240.00 215.00 215.00 : Pennsylvania .........: 187.00 198.00 191.00 255.00 250.00 263.00 180.00 185.00 174.00 South Dakota .........: 158.00 103.00 98.00 170.00 110.00 105.00 132.00 90.00 87.00 Texas ................: 228.00 158.00 148.00 268.00 231.00 234.00 210.00 148.00 138.00 Utah .................: 176.00 154.00 164.00 180.00 155.00 165.00 130.00 95.00 95.00 Washington ...........: 232.00 182.00 177.00 230.00 170.00 165.00 235.00 205.00 200.00 Wisconsin ............: 154.00 140.00 132.00 199.00 152.00 142.00 154.00 93.00 84.00 Wyoming ..............: 187.00 154.00 159.00 190.00 160.00 170.00 170.00 140.00 125.00 : United States ........: 191.00 157.00 153.00 202.00 164.00 161.00 174.00 145.00 140.00 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Prices Received for Premium and Supreme Alfalfa Hay - States and 5-State Total: January 2025 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : January 2024 : December 2024 : January 2025 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per ton : California .........: 310.00 300.00 290.00 Idaho ..............: 240.00 180.00 180.00 Michigan ...........: 225.00 205.00 205.00 Minnesota ..........: 202.00 197.00 200.00 New York ...........: 330.00 317.00 338.00 Pennsylvania .......: 325.00 328.00 349.00 Texas ..............: 309.00 284.00 284.00 Wisconsin ..........: 237.00 230.00 219.00 : 5-State Total 1/ 2/ : 274.00 230.00 242.00 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ 5-State total represents a weighted (hay purchases) average price for the five largest milk producing States (based on the pounds of milk produced during the previous month). 2/ For January 2024, includes California, Idaho, New York, Texas, and Wisconsin. For December 2024, includes California, Idaho, New York, Texas, and Wisconsin. For January 2025, includes California, Idaho, New York, Texas, and Wisconsin. Prices Received for Citrus Fruits by Utilization - States and United States: January 2024 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Equivalent returns Commodity, : FOB :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State, : packed : Packinghouse door : On-tree and type : fresh :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : All : Fresh : Process : All : Fresh : Process --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per box : Grapefruit ..........................: 52.10 25.89 39.23 6.68 23.61 36.94 4.41 : Lemons ..............................: 43.30 22.56 31.99 (D) 15.69 24.65 (D) : Oranges .............................: 34.10 14.18 22.14 9.99 10.77 19.18 6.34 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. Prices Received for Citrus Fruits by Utilization - States and United States: December 2024 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Equivalent returns Commodity, : FOB :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State, : packed : Packinghouse door : On-tree and type : fresh :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : All : Fresh : Process : All : Fresh : Process --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per box : Grapefruit ..........................: 56.50 28.94 44.39 (D) 26.79 42.42 (D) : Lemons ..............................: 54.00 34.69 41.92 (D) 27.61 34.43 (D) : Oranges .............................: 34.90 17.22 23.07 15.55 13.33 20.06 11.41 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. Prices Received for Citrus Fruits by Utilization - States and United States: January 2025 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Equivalent returns Commodity, : FOB :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State, : packed : Packinghouse door : On-tree and type : fresh :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : All : Fresh : Process : All : Fresh : Process --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per box : Grapefruit ..........................: 55.50 27.74 42.87 (D) 25.40 40.74 (D) : Lemons ..............................: 42.20 22.25 30.12 (D) 15.15 22.63 (D) : Oranges .............................: 33.70 17.88 21.96 15.63 14.16 18.87 11.54 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. Prices Received for All Milk - States and United States: January 2025 with Comparisons [Before deduction for hauling. Includes quality, quantity, and other premiums. Excludes hauling subsidies] ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : January 2024 : December 2024 : January 2025 State :------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Price :Fat test : Price :Fat test : Price : Fat test ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- :dollars per cwt percent dollars per cwt percent dollars per cwt percent : Arizona ............: 20.70 4.14 23.50 4.30 23.70 4.28 California .........: 20.00 4.28 22.40 4.38 22.70 4.37 Colorado ...........: 20.60 4.20 23.70 4.19 24.40 4.22 Florida ............: 24.60 3.97 27.10 4.04 26.80 4.06 Georgia ............: 24.40 4.14 27.70 4.10 27.30 4.14 Idaho ..............: 20.20 4.49 23.30 4.57 24.30 4.53 Illinois ...........: 19.90 4.36 22.30 4.41 23.40 4.42 Indiana ............: 21.60 4.23 24.90 4.35 25.10 4.35 Iowa ...............: 18.30 4.50 22.50 4.66 24.10 4.63 Kansas .............: 19.40 4.51 22.80 4.67 23.40 4.62 : Michigan ...........: 20.40 4.26 23.30 4.37 24.50 4.41 Minnesota ..........: 18.60 4.60 22.90 4.71 24.20 4.67 New Mexico .........: 19.00 4.22 21.80 4.28 22.40 4.29 New York ...........: 21.60 4.32 24.40 4.43 25.00 4.45 Ohio ...............: 21.10 4.21 24.70 4.40 25.40 4.41 Oregon .............: 22.40 4.56 23.50 4.66 24.20 4.61 Pennsylvania .......: 21.30 4.24 24.20 4.37 24.70 4.39 South Dakota .......: 19.30 4.84 22.80 4.79 24.40 4.78 Texas ..............: 20.50 4.51 23.90 4.67 24.60 4.68 Utah ...............: 20.00 4.30 23.00 4.36 23.00 4.36 : Vermont ............: 22.00 4.37 24.60 4.45 25.10 4.48 Virginia ...........: 24.50 4.23 27.10 4.25 27.10 4.28 Washington .........: 21.30 4.43 24.20 4.55 24.70 4.51 Wisconsin ..........: 18.00 4.29 22.40 4.45 23.90 4.43 : United States ......: 20.10 4.35 23.30 4.46 24.10 4.46 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Prices Received for Milk Cows - States and United States: January 2025 with Comparisons [Animals sold for dairy herd replacement only. Quarterly United States milk cow prices are based on revised milk cow inventory] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : January 2024 : October 2024 : January 2025 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per head : Arizona ............: 2,000 2,500 2,800 California .........: 1,750 2,450 2,600 Colorado ...........: 1,800 2,500 2,600 Florida ............: 2,230 2,500 2,580 Georgia ............: 1,970 2,500 2,480 Idaho ..............: 1,900 2,600 2,550 Illinois ...........: 1,850 2,480 2,510 Indiana ............: 2,020 2,830 2,670 Iowa ...............: 1,860 2,700 2,690 Kansas .............: 1,850 2,350 2,350 : Michigan ...........: 2,190 2,850 2,760 Minnesota ..........: 1,850 2,610 2,590 New Mexico .........: 1,900 2,100 2,500 New York ...........: 1,940 2,650 2,800 Ohio ...............: 1,810 2,500 2,560 Oregon .............: 1,650 2,600 2,600 Pennsylvania .......: 1,970 2,590 2,720 South Dakota .......: 1,830 2,350 2,500 Texas ..............: 1,750 2,700 2,600 Utah ...............: 1,600 2,300 2,400 : Vermont ............: 1,950 2,640 2,930 Virginia ...........: 2,000 2,500 2,700 Washington .........: 1,750 2,600 2,650 Wisconsin ..........: 2,060 2,850 2,860 : United States ......: 1,890 2,600 2,660 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Parity Price Overview Parity prices, based on data from January 2025, and adjusted base price data from which parity prices are computed are presented in the tables on the following pages. Parity prices are computed under the provisions of Title III. Subtitle A, Section 301(a) of the Agricultural Adjustment Act of 1938 as amended by the Agricultural Acts of 1948, 1949, 1954, and 1956. The parity prices shown in this report are based on the provisions of the amended Act. Briefly, the actual method of computation is as follows: a. The average of prices received by farmers for individual commodities for the 10 preceding years is calculated (for 2025, the 10-average includes the years 2015-2024). An allowance for unredeemed loans and other supplemental payments resulting from price support programs, such as the deficiency payments for grains and cotton, is included for those commodities for which applicable. b. This 10-year average is divided by the average of the Index of Prices Received by Farmers for the same 10 preceding calendar years, adjusted to include an allowance for unredeemed loans and other supplemental price support operations, to give an "adjusted base price". c. Parity prices are computed by multiplying the "adjusted base prices" by the current Parity Index (the Index of Prices Paid by Farmers, including Interest, Taxes, and Wage Rates, 1910-1914=100). Parity prices are calculated in terms of prices received by farmers in the local markets in which they ordinarily sell. This means that the parity prices apply to the average of all classes and grades of the commodity as sold by all farmers in the United States, except as otherwise specified. Fruits and vegetables for fresh use and for processing are usually considered separate commodities and separate parity prices are calculated. The Agricultural Marketing Agreement Act of 1937 provided for parity prices for certain commodities covered by a marketing agreement or order program. Under present legislation, United States parity prices, with appropriate adjustments where needed, may be used for the purpose of this Act. Commodity Parity Prices and Price as Percent of Parity Price - United States: January 2025 with Comparisons [Parity prices are computed under the provisions of Title III, Subtitle a, Section 301 (a) of the Agricultural Adjustment Act of 1938 as amended by the Agricultural Acts of 1948, 1949, and 1956. See February "Agricultural Prices" for details on adjusted base price and parity price computations. Parity data not available for blank cells. Primary source of data for livestock and milk prices is United States Department of Agriculture's Agricultural Marketing Service] ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Parity price : Price as percent :Adjusted : : : of parity Commodity and unit : base :----------------------------------------------------------- : price : January :December : January : January :December : January : : 2024 : 2024 : 2025 : 2024 : 2024 : 2025 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ------------- dollars ------------- ------- percent ------- : Basic commodities : All wheat ............bushel: 0.522 20.00 20.40 20.70 34 27 27 Rice ....................cwt: 1.29 48.70 49.60 51.20 37 31 33 Corn .................bushel: 0.392 14.80 15.10 15.50 32 28 28 Cotton : Upland ..............pound: 0.064 2.43 2.48 2.54 32 25 24 American Pima .......pound: 0.137 5.39 5.23 5.43 33 28 27 Peanuts ...............pound: 0.020 0.749 0.763 0.793 36 31 33 Small chickpeas 1/ ......cwt: 2.34 86.50 88.10 92.80 36 33 25 Large chickpeas 1/ ......cwt: 2.73 101.00 103.00 108.00 36 34 29 Lentils 1/ ..............cwt: 2.55 90.60 92.30 101.00 42 40 36 : Designated non-basic : All milk, to plants 2/ ..cwt: 1.71 65.50 66.80 67.80 30 35 35 Honey, extracted 3/ ...pound: 0.206 7.45 8.01 8.17 40 38 37 : Wool and mohair : Wool ..................pound: 0.143 5.43 5.53 5.67 29 28 25 Mohair ................pound: 0.505 18.60 18.90 20.00 34 34 32 : Other non-basic : Apples, fresh 4/ ......pound: 0.049 1.760 1.790 1.940 35 41 39 Barley ...............bushel: 0.492 18.30 18.60 19.50 41 35 31 Canola ..................cwt: 1.85 69.30 70.60 73.40 35 27 27 Cottonseed ..............ton: 18.50 730.00 706.00 734.00 24 32 30 Dry edible beans ........cwt: 3.05 114.00 116.00 121.00 37 33 32 Flaxseed .............bushel: 1.13 43.10 43.90 44.80 28 28 29 Oats .................bushel: 0.292 11.00 11.30 11.60 37 28 31 Potatoes, fresh .........cwt: 1.15 40.10 43.90 45.60 26 24 23 Sorghum grain ...........cwt: 0.703 26.40 26.90 27.90 33 27 27 Soybeans .............bushel: 0.968 37.10 37.80 38.40 35 26 26 Sunflower, all ..........cwt: 1.99 76.00 77.50 78.90 28 28 29 : Citrus (equivalent on-tree) : Grapefruit ..............box: 1.15 40.40 43.90 45.60 58 61 56 Lemons ..................box: 2.07 78.60 79.00 82.10 20 35 18 Oranges .................box: 1.150 42.30 43.90 45.60 25 30 31 : Livestock and poultry : Beef cattle .............cwt: 12.10 449.00 458.00 480.00 38 41 41 Broilers ..............pound: 0.052 1.95 1.98 2.06 38 38 38 Calves ..................cwt: 18.00 663.00 675.00 714.00 45 53 51 Eggs 2/ ...............dozen: 0.124 4.27 4.35 4.92 43 83 104 Hogs ....................cwt: 5.13 200.00 203.00 203.00 27 31 30 Turkeys, live .........pound: 0.067 2.620 2.670 2.660 21 19 19 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Parity prices began January 2015. 2/ Seasonally adjusted price as percentage of parity price. 3/ Wholesale extracted. Adjusted base price derived from state annual averages prices weighted by production. For 1982 through 1985 the national averages are the support prices. 4/ Equivalent packinghouse-door returns for California, New York, Oregon, and Washington. Price at point of first sale for other states. Commodity Parity Prices - United States: January 2025 with Comparisons [Parity prices are computed under the provisions of Title III, Subtitle a, Section 301 (a) of the Agricultural Adjustment Act of 1938 as amended by the Agricultural Acts of 1948, 1949, and 1956. See February "Agricultural Prices" for details on adjusted base price and parity price computations] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Parity price : Adjusted : : : Commodity and unit : base :----------------------------------------- : price : January : December : January : : 2024 : 2024 : 2025 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars : Field crops and miscellaneous : Hops ..............................pound: 0.495 18.30 18.60 19.60 Mustard seed ........................cwt: 3.12 112.00 119.00 124.00 Rapeseed ............................cwt: 2.23 86.90 85.10 88.40 Rye ..............................bushel: 0.568 22.30 21.70 22.50 Safflower ...........................cwt: 2.23 82.70 85.10 88.40 Spearmint oil .....................pound: 1.60 62.20 61.10 63.50 Sweet potatoes ......................cwt: 2.02 76.80 78.20 80.10 : Tobacco : Flue-cured, 11-14 ...............pound: 0.182 6.93 6.95 7.22 Fire-cured, 21-23 ...............pound: 0.251 9.47 9.58 9.95 Burley, 31 ......................pound: 0.185 6.93 7.06 7.34 Maryland, 32 ....................pound: 0.184 6.93 7.02 7.30 Dark air-cured, 35-37 ...........pound: 0.224 8.46 8.55 8.88 Pennsylvania seedleaf, 41 .......pound: 0.266 9.47 10.20 10.50 : Non-citrus fruit : Apples, processing 1/ 2/ ............ton: 19.80 756.00 756.00 785.00 Apricots, fresh 3/ ..................ton: 127.00 4,610.00 4,850.00 5,040.00 Avocados 2/ 3/ ......................ton: 212.00 8,120.00 8,090.00 8,410.00 Cherries : Sweet .............................ton: 206.00 8,160.00 7,860.00 8,170.00 Tart 2/ .........................pound: 0.026 1.050 0.992 1.030 Cranberry 2/ 4/ ..................barrel: 3.05 115.00 116.00 121.00 Dates (California) 3/ ...............ton: 270.00 9,550.00 10,300.00 10,710.00 : Grapes (California) : Wine, processing ..................ton: 85.70 3,130.00 3,270.00 3,400.00 Kiwifruit 2/ ........................ton: 165.00 5,730.00 6,300.00 6,540.00 Nectarines, fresh (California) 3/ ...ton: 98.20 3,470.00 3,750.00 3,890.00 Olives, canning (California) 4/ .....ton: 107.00 4,160.00 4,080.00 4,240.00 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- See footnote(s) at end of table. --continued Commodity Parity Prices - United States: January 2025 with Comparisons (continued) [Parity prices are computed under the provisions of Title III, Subtitle a, Section 301 (a) of the Agricultural Adjustment Act of 1938 as amended by the Agricultural Acts of 1948, 1949, and 1956. See February "Agricultural Prices" for details on adjusted base price and parity price computations] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : : Parity price :Adjusted : : : Commodity and unit : base :-------------------------------------------- : price : January : December : January : : 2024 : 2024 : 2025 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : dollars : Non-citrus fruit - continued : Papayas (Hawaii) .................pound: 0.054 1.91 2.06 2.14 Peaches, fresh 4/ 5/ ...............ton: 121.00 4,380.00 4,620.00 4,800.00 Pears, fresh 5/ ....................ton: 58.90 2,270.00 2,250.00 2,340.00 Plums (California) equivalent on-tree : Fresh 6/ .........................ton: 104.00 3,660.00 3,970.00 4,120.00 Strawberries : Fresh 7/ .........................cwt: 10.90 404.00 416.00 432.00 Processing .......................cwt: 4.04 152.00 154.00 160.00 : Sugar crops : Sugar beets 2/ 8/ ................ton: 4.10 156.00 169.00 163.00 Sugarcane 2/ 8/ ..................ton: 3.43 129.00 139.00 136.00 : Tree nuts 9/ : Almonds ..........................pound: 0.215 8.80 8.20 8.53 Hazelnuts ..........................ton: 200.00 8,160.00 7,630.00 7,930.00 Pistachios .......................pound: 0.226 9.06 8.62 8.96 Walnuts ............................ton: 152.00 6,810.00 5,800.00 6,030.00 : Vegetables, fresh 7/ : Carrots 10/ ........................cwt: 3.42 109.00 131.00 136.00 Cauliflower 10/ ....................cwt: 5.09 176.00 194.00 202.00 Celery 10/ .........................cwt: 2.20 83.90 84.00 87.30 Honeydew melons ....................cwt: 2.44 88.70 93.10 96.80 Lettuce ............................cwt: 2.86 107.00 109.00 113.00 Onions 10/ .........................cwt: 1.73 62.90 66.00 68.60 Tomatoes ...........................cwt: 4.16 158.00 159.00 165.00 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ Equivalent returns at processing plant door. 2/ Adjusted base price is carried forward from the previous year since current marketing year average price is not yet available. 3/ Equivalent returns at packinghouse door. 4/ Equivalent returns for bulk fruit at first delivery point. 5/ Equivalent packinghouse-door returns for California, New York (apples only), Oregon (except Peaches), and Washington. Price at point of first sale for other states. 6/ Based on "as sold" prices for fresh fruit in all states. 7/ FOB shipping point price. 8/ Relates to prices including average conditional payments per ton made under the sugar acts of 1937 and 1948. Crop deficiency and abandonment payments not included. 9/ Prices In-Shell basis except almonds which are shelled basis. 10/ Includes some processing. Market Year for Specified Commodities Cattle ........................................................................................................... January 1 - December 31 Milk Cows ..................................................................................................... January 1 - December 31 Hogs ......................................................................................................... December 1 - November 30 Cattle Market Year Average Prices Received - United States: Marketing Years 2023 and 2024 [All beef includes steer and heifers combined and cows. Cows include beef cows and cull dairy cows sold for slaughter. Milk cow prices are calendar year average of quarterly estimates.] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : : Steers : : : Year : Cows : and : Calves : Beef cattle : Milk cows : : heifers : : : ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : -------------------- dollars per cwt -------------------- dollars per head : 2023 ............: 102.00 177.00 261.00 173.00 1,760.00 2024 ............: 129.00 189.00 324.00 187.00 2,240.00 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Hog Market Year Average Prices Received - United States: Marketing Years 2023 and 2024 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year : Barrows and gilts : Sows : All ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per cwt : 2023 ............: 63.50 47.30 62.70 2024 ............: 63.40 59.70 63.30 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Milk Cow Market Year Average Prices Received - States and United States: Marketing Years 2023 and 2024 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ State : 2023 : 2024 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : dollars per head : Alabama ......................: 1,570 1,790 Alaska .......................: 2,500 2,920 Arizona ......................: 1,830 2,230 Arkansas .....................: 1,330 1,760 California ...................: 1,740 2,050 Colorado .....................: 1,740 2,130 Connecticut ..................: 1,760 2,350 Delaware .....................: 1,520 2,070 Florida ......................: 1,960 2,380 Georgia ......................: 1,700 2,300 : Hawaii .......................: 1,500 1,760 Idaho ........................: 1,700 2,230 Illinois .....................: 1,700 2,160 Indiana ......................: 1,900 2,430 Iowa .........................: 1,750 2,300 Kansas .......................: 1,710 2,140 Kentucky .....................: 1,800 2,340 Louisiana ....................: 1,600 1,800 Maine ........................: 1,570 2,050 Maryland .....................: 1,760 2,230 : Massachusetts ................: 1,690 2,230 Michigan .....................: 1,880 2,480 Minnesota ....................: 1,700 2,270 Mississippi ..................: 1,540 1,690 Missouri .....................: 1,470 1,850 Montana ......................: 1,660 2,050 Nebraska .....................: 1,650 2,060 Nevada .......................: 1,730 1,980 New Hampshire ................: 1,790 2,180 New Jersey ...................: 1,730 2,330 : New Mexico ...................: 1,710 1,980 New York .....................: 1,800 2,340 North Carolina ...............: 1,690 2,140 North Dakota .................: 1,620 2,020 Ohio .........................: 1,660 2,210 Oklahoma .....................: 1,500 2,090 Oregon .......................: 1,560 2,050 Pennsylvania .................: 1,810 2,290 Rhode Island .................: 1,610 1,910 South Carolina ...............: 1,610 2,210 : South Dakota .................: 1,720 2,130 Tennessee ....................: 1,430 2,060 Texas ........................: 1,690 2,230 Utah .........................: 1,500 1,950 Vermont ......................: 1,800 2,340 Virginia .....................: 1,730 2,200 Washington ...................: 1,630 2,130 West Virginia ................: 1,590 1,830 Wisconsin ....................: 1,890 2,490 Wyoming ......................: 1,560 2,230 : United States ................: 1,760 2,240 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Prices Received for Cows, Steers and Heifers, Calves, Beef Cattle, and Milk Cows by Month - United States: Marketing Years 2023 and 2024 [All beef includes steer & heifers combined and cows. Cows include beef cows and cull dairy cows sold for slaughter. Milk cow prices are calendar year average. Quarterly United States milk cow prices are based on revised milk cow inventory.] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Steers : : : : : Cows : and : Calves : Beef cattle : Milk cows : : heifers : : : : Month :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2023 : 2024 : 2023 : 2024 : 2023 : 2024 : 2023 : 2024 : 2023 : 2024 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : -------------------------- dollars per cwt -------------------------- dollars per head : January ......: 81.70 103.00 160.00 176.00 209.00 300.00 156.00 172.00 1,720.00 1,890.00 February .....: 89.50 109.00 162.00 182.00 217.00 311.00 158.00 178.00 (NA) (NA) March ........: 95.70 119.00 167.00 188.00 230.00 328.00 164.00 185.00 (NA) (NA) April ........: 99.30 130.00 175.00 187.00 244.00 318.00 171.00 185.00 1,720.00 2,120.00 May ..........: 103.00 132.00 177.00 188.00 251.00 323.00 173.00 186.00 (NA) (NA) June .........: 107.00 138.00 184.00 191.00 260.00 318.00 181.00 189.00 (NA) (NA) July .........: 111.00 142.00 184.00 195.00 262.00 306.00 181.00 193.00 1,760.00 2,360.00 August .......: 115.00 142.00 186.00 192.00 272.00 290.00 182.00 190.00 (NA) (NA) September ....: 114.00 136.00 184.00 185.00 279.00 289.00 181.00 183.00 (NA) (NA) October ......: 108.00 128.00 186.00 189.00 297.00 322.00 182.00 187.00 1,850.00 2,600.00 November .....: 104.00 124.00 184.00 190.00 290.00 334.00 180.00 188.00 (NA) (NA) December .....: 101.00 121.00 176.00 193.00 280.00 356.00 172.00 190.00 (NA) (NA) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (NA) Not available. Prices Received for Barrows and Gilts, Sows, and All Hogs by Month - United States: Marketing Years 2023 and 2024 [December preceding year] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Barrows and gilts : Sows : All hogs Month :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2023 : 2024 : 2023 : 2024 : 2023 : 2024 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per cwt : December ...........: 63.00 53.50 51.90 48.90 62.50 53.30 January ............: 59.30 53.90 42.70 36.80 58.50 53.00 February ...........: 59.70 58.70 57.50 50.10 59.60 58.20 March ..............: 61.60 62.70 64.40 64.50 61.70 62.80 April ..............: 57.70 67.10 41.20 62.50 57.00 66.90 May ................: 60.70 69.00 23.00 49.20 58.80 67.90 June ...............: 66.80 68.90 30.10 67.00 64.60 68.80 July ...............: 76.10 68.50 46.00 67.20 74.30 68.40 August .............: 74.30 67.90 64.10 66.80 73.70 67.80 September ..........: 65.60 64.00 50.20 70.20 64.90 64.30 October ............: 61.50 63.60 39.50 70.60 60.40 63.90 November ...........: 57.50 65.30 58.10 66.10 57.50 65.40 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Prices Received for Milk Cows by Month - States and United States: 2024 [Cows sold for dairy herd replacement. Quarterly United States milk cow prices are based on revised milk cow inventory.] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : January : April : July : October : 2024 : 2024 : 2024 : 2024 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per head : Arizona ........: 2,000 2,100 2,300 2,500 California .....: 1,750 1,900 2,100 2,450 Colorado .......: 1,800 2,000 2,200 2,500 Florida ........: 2,230 2,350 2,450 2,500 Georgia ........: 1,970 2,320 2,420 2,500 Idaho ..........: 1,900 2,100 2,300 2,600 Illinois .......: 1,850 2,100 2,220 2,480 Indiana ........: 2,020 2,290 2,570 2,830 Iowa ...........: 1,860 2,170 2,470 2,700 Kansas .........: 1,850 2,000 2,350 2,350 : Michigan .......: 2,190 2,320 2,550 2,850 Minnesota ......: 1,850 2,150 2,480 2,610 New Mexico .....: 1,900 1,800 2,100 2,100 New York .......: 1,940 2,320 2,460 2,650 Ohio ...........: 1,810 2,160 2,380 2,500 Oregon .........: 1,650 1,850 2,100 2,600 Pennsylvania ...: 1,970 2,190 2,390 2,590 South Dakota ...: 1,830 2,000 2,350 2,350 Texas ..........: 1,750 2,050 2,400 2,700 Utah ...........: 1,600 1,800 2,100 2,300 : Vermont ........: 1,950 2,340 2,440 2,640 Virginia .......: 2,000 2,100 2,200 2,500 Washington .....: 1,750 1,950 2,200 2,600 Wisconsin ......: 2,060 2,380 2,650 2,850 : United States ..: 1,890 2,120 2,360 2,600 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Prices Received Value per Head and Total Value for All Cattle and Calves - States and United States: January 1, 2024 and 2025 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Value per head : Total value State :------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2024 : 2025 : 2024 : 2025 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ------- dollars ------ ------- 1,000 dollars ------ : Alabama .......: 1,170 1,460 1,368,900 1,722,800 Alaska ........: 2,030 2,520 38,570 50,400 Arizona .......: 1,460 1,680 1,416,200 1,562,400 Arkansas ......: 1,320 1,640 2,072,400 2,558,400 California ....: 1,450 1,760 7,395,000 8,888,000 Colorado ......: 1,670 1,970 4,342,000 5,023,500 Connecticut ...: 1,430 1,880 62,920 84,600 Delaware ......: 1,260 1,580 13,230 16,590 Florida .......: 1,410 1,480 2,199,600 2,308,800 Georgia .......: 1,360 1,590 1,373,600 1,574,100 : Hawaii ........: 930 1,030 132,060 136,990 Idaho .........: 1,510 1,930 3,850,500 4,805,700 Illinois ......: 1,480 1,860 1,480,000 1,897,200 Indiana .......: 1,410 1,790 1,113,900 1,449,900 Iowa ..........: 1,650 2,000 5,692,500 7,000,000 Kansas ........: 1,530 1,920 9,409,500 11,424,000 Kentucky ......: 1,250 1,610 2,362,500 2,978,500 Louisiana .....: 1,350 1,640 972,000 1,180,800 Maine .........: 1,380 1,750 100,740 127,750 Maryland ......: 1,410 1,770 227,010 272,580 : Massachusetts .: 1,320 1,670 40,920 51,770 Michigan ......: 1,460 1,890 1,591,400 2,097,900 Minnesota .....: 1,470 1,880 3,131,100 3,929,200 Mississippi ...: 1,220 1,600 988,200 1,296,000 Missouri ......: 1,430 1,770 5,648,500 6,991,500 Montana .......: 1,930 2,350 4,110,900 5,076,000 Nebraska ......: 1,830 2,110 11,437,500 12,765,500 Nevada ........: 1,600 2,040 688,000 887,400 New Hampshire .: 1,320 1,650 35,640 46,200 New Jersey ....: 1,350 1,770 35,100 42,480 : New Mexico ....: 1,440 1,870 1,857,600 2,393,600 New York ......: 1,430 1,900 2,016,300 2,679,000 North Carolina : 1,200 1,400 900,000 1,008,000 North Dakota ..: 1,890 2,330 3,137,400 3,914,400 Ohio ..........: 1,320 1,680 1,636,800 2,083,200 Oklahoma ......: 1,490 1,810 7,003,000 8,326,000 Oregon ........: 1,670 2,090 2,070,800 2,570,700 Pennsylvania ..: 1,410 1,840 1,945,800 2,520,800 Rhode Island ..: 1,440 1,880 5,616 6,956 South Carolina : 1,130 1,440 327,700 424,800 : South Dakota ..: 1,860 2,280 6,417,000 8,094,000 Tennessee .....: 1,200 1,510 1,920,000 2,370,700 Texas .........: 1,330 1,630 15,960,000 19,886,000 Utah ..........: 1,740 2,070 1,305,000 1,531,800 Vermont .......: 1,490 1,980 327,800 425,700 Virginia ......: 1,290 1,620 1,702,800 2,138,400 Washington ....: 1,410 1,870 1,649,700 2,094,400 West Virginia .: 1,330 1,600 492,100 584,000 Wisconsin .....: 1,430 1,870 4,576,000 6,077,500 Wyoming .......: 1,820 2,210 2,293,200 2,696,200 : United States .: 1,501 1,846 130,875,006 160,073,116 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Prices Received Value per Head and Total Value for Hogs - States and United States: December 1, 2023 and 2024 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Value per head : Total value State :--------------------------------------------------------------- : 2023 : 2024 : 2023 : 2024 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : --- dollars --- ------- 1,000 dollars ------- : Alabama 1/ ..............: (D) (NA) (D) (NA) Alaska 1/ ...............: 230 (NA) 345 (NA) Arizona 1/ ..............: 160 (NA) 17,440 (NA) Arkansas1/ ..............: 135 (NA) 18,090 (NA) California 1/ ...........: 165 (NA) 6,435 (NA) Colorado ................: 100 115 60,000 62,100 Connecticut 1/ ..........: 155 (NA) 403 (NA) Delaware 1/ .............: 115 (NA) 322 (NA) Florida 1/ ..............: (D) (NA) (D) (NA) Georgia 1/ ..............: 135 (NA) 5,670 (NA) : Hawaii 1/ ...............: 180 (NA) 1,440 (NA) Idaho 1/ ................: 115 (NA) 2,760 (NA) Illinois ................: 110 110 605,000 616,000 Indiana .................: 125 125 562,500 556,250 Iowa ....................: 120 125 3,000,000 3,075,000 Kansas ..................: 120 120 236,400 241,200 Kentucky ................: 110 125 52,250 58,125 Louisiana 1/ ............: 135 (NA) 675 (NA) Maine 1/ ................: 145 (NA) 580 (NA) Maryland 1/ .............: 130 (NA) 2,730 (NA) : Massachusetts 1/ ........: 120 (NA) 900 (NA) Michigan ................: 125 120 160,000 140,400 Minnesota ...............: 120 135 1,116,000 1,282,500 Mississippi 1/ ..........: (D) (NA) (D) (NA) Missouri ................: 100 110 310,000 385,000 Montana 1/ ..............: 105 (NA) 25,200 (NA) Nebraska ................: 115 125 437,000 456,250 Nevada 1/ ...............: (D) (NA) (D) (NA) New Hampshire 1/ ........: 135 (NA) 608 (NA) New Jersey 1/ ...........: 120 (NA) 720 (NA) : New Mexico 1/ ...........: 120 (NA) 204 (NA) New York 1/ .............: 105 (NA) 4,725 (NA) North Carolina ..........: 120 135 948,000 1,107,000 North Dakota 1/ .........: 125 (NA) 18,750 (NA) Ohio ....................: 125 130 325,000 351,000 Oklahoma ................: 135 150 286,200 321,000 Oregon 1/ ...............: 150 (NA) 1,800 (NA) Pennsylvania ............: 120 130 175,200 197,600 Rhode Island 1/ .........: 130 (NA) 156 (NA) South Carolina 1/ .......: 130 (NA) 15,860 (NA) : South Dakota ............: 115 125 264,500 280,000 Tennessee 1/ ............: 115 (NA) 36,800 (NA) Texas ...................: 95 100 108,300 117,000 Utah 1/ .................: 140 (NA) 28,700 (NA) Vermont 1/ ..............: 170 (NA) 935 (NA) Virginia 1/ .............: 100 (NA) 24,500 (NA) Washington 1/ ...........: 125 (NA) 4,500 (NA) West Virginia 1/ ........: 135 (NA) 675 (NA) Wisconsin 1/ ............: 115 (NA) 41,975 (NA) Wyoming 1/ ..............: 130 (NA) 12,480 (NA) : Other States 2/ .........: 126 125 19,600 298,255 : United States ...........: 119 126 8,942,328 9,544,680 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (NA) Not available. 1/ Published estimate discontinued in 2024. 2/ Includes data for States not published in this table. Prices Received Value per Head and Total Value for Sheep and Lambs - States and United States: January 1, 2024 and 2025 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Sheep and lambs :----------------------------------------------------------- State : Value per head : Total value :----------------------------------------------------------- : 2024 : 2025 : 2024 : 2025 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ----- dollars ---- ----- 1,000 dollars ---- : Arizona ............: 210 215 22,050 20,425 California .........: 245 255 124,950 130,050 Colorado ...........: 246 250 99,630 101,250 Idaho ..............: 225 230 52,875 54,050 Illinois ...........: 255 260 14,025 15,080 Indiana ............: 295 295 23,600 21,830 Iowa ...............: 270 280 41,850 45,080 Kansas .............: 245 250 20,090 20,000 Kentucky ...........: 249 259 18,675 18,648 Michigan ...........: 251 261 20,582 22,185 : Minnesota ..........: 236 246 26,196 27,798 Missouri ...........: 220 230 23,540 23,920 Montana ............: 235 246 42,300 45,510 Nebraska ...........: 255 260 19,380 19,240 Nevada .............: 260 265 15,600 17,225 New England 1/ .....: 290 300 16,240 16,500 New Mexico .........: 206 216 15,450 16,200 New York ...........: 263 270 22,618 22,140 North Carolina .....: 244 255 7,808 8,415 North Dakota .......: 225 229 14,175 14,198 : Ohio ...............: 271 281 38,753 40,745 Oklahoma ...........: 270 280 18,900 20,440 Oregon .............: 235 245 36,425 36,750 Pennsylvania .......: 260 275 25,740 26,950 South Dakota .......: 244 249 51,240 51,045 Tennessee ..........: 255 267 13,005 12,816 Texas ..............: 220 225 140,800 150,750 Utah ...............: 248 260 66,960 72,800 Virginia ...........: 253 263 19,987 21,040 Washington .........: 225 235 10,125 11,045 : West Virginia ......: 245 260 8,575 9,360 Wisconsin ..........: 244 254 19,032 20,320 Wyoming ............: 248 250 79,360 75,000 : Other States 2/ ....: 255 277 52,275 59,555 : United States ......: 243 251 1,222,811 1,268,360 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ New England includes Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, and Vermont. 2/ Individual State estimates not available for States not shown, but are included in Other States. Prices Received Value per Head and Total Value for Angora Goats - States and United States: January 1, 2024 and 2025 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Angora goats :----------------------------------------------------------- State : Value per head : Total value :----------------------------------------------------------- : 2024 : 2025 : 2024 : 2025 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ------ dollars ------ --- 1,000 dollars --- : Arizona ............: 161.00 165.00 2,254 2,145 New Mexico .........: 179.00 185.00 1,253 1,110 Texas ..............: 150.00 160.00 9,000 10,080 : 3-State average ....: 154.40 162.60 (X) (X) 3-State total ......: (X) (X) 12,507 13,335 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (X) Not applicable. Other Hay Baled Market Year Average Prices Received - Selected Regions: 2020-2022, 2021-2023, and 2022-2024 Averages [Prices provided to the Forest Service, United States Department of Agriculture to compute Eastern National Forest grazing fees] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Region : 3-year average :----------------------------------------------------------- : 2020-2022 : 2021-2023 : 2022-2024 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : dollars per ton : Appalachia 1/ ................: 136.20 147.40 156.40 Corn Belt 2/ .................: 121.10 130.30 135.90 Florida ......................: 151.90 147.30 148.70 Lake States 3/ ...............: 121.00 129.80 118.30 Northeast 4/ .................: 151.90 151.60 164.00 Southeast/Delta 5/ ...........: 113.60 124.20 132.40 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ Kentucky, North Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia, and West Virginia. 2/ Illinois, Indiana, Missouri, and Ohio. 3/ Michigan, Minnesota, and Wisconsin. 4/ Maine, New Hampshire, New York, Pennsylvania, and Vermont. 5/ Alabama, Arkansas, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, and South Carolina. Reliability of Prices Received Estimates Definition: Prices received represent sales from producers to first buyers. They include all grades and qualities. The average commodity price from the survey multiplied by the total quantity marketed theoretically should give the total cash receipts for the commodity. Survey procedures: Primary sales data used to determine grain prices were obtained from probability samples of about 1,900 mills and elevators. These procedures ensure that virtually all grain moving into commercial channels has a chance of being included in the survey. Generally, States surveyed account for 90 percent or more of total United States production. Livestock prices are obtained from packers, stockyards, auctions, dealers, and market check data from AMS-USDA, private marketing organizations, and state commodity groups and agencies. Inter-farm sales of grain and livestock are not included since they represent very small percentages of the total sales. Grain marketed for seed is also excluded. Fruit and vegetable prices are obtained from sample surveys and market check data from AMS-USDA, private marketing organizations, state agencies, and universities. Summary and estimation procedures: Survey quantities sold are expanded by strata to state levels and used to weight average strata prices to a state average. State prices are then weighted to a United States price based on expanded sales. Recommendations are prepared by the Regional Field Offices and reviewed by the Agricultural Statistics Board in Washington, D.C. State recommendations are reviewed for reasonableness with survey data, other States, and recent historic estimates. Revisions: In general, revisions are made during annual commodity market year estimation time, following five-year Census revisions, or when later information is received. Revisions are published in monthly issues of Agricultural Prices. Reliability: United States price estimates based on probability surveys generally have a sampling error of less than one percent for the major commodities such as corn, wheat, soybeans, cotton, and rice. Current methods of summarization for non-probability commodities are not designed directly to calculate sampling errors. However, analytical measures approximate the United States relative sampling errors at around five percent. Any non- sampling errors are attributed to such things as the inability to obtain correct information, differences in interpreting questions or definitions, mistakes in coding or processing the data, etc. Efforts are made at each step in the survey process to minimize these non-sampling errors. Program Changes: See Price Program Links at the end of this report for details on program changes to the Prices Program methodology. January Prices Paid by Farmers The January Prices Paid Index for Commodities and Services, Interest, Taxes, and Farm Wage Rates (PPITW), at 146.7, is up 3.4 percent from December 2024 and 4.9 percent from January 2024. Production: The January index, at 144.3, is up 4.2 percent from December and 6.0 percent from last year. Higher prices for feeder cattle, other services, feeder pigs, and share rent more than offset lower prices for hay & forages, concentrates, nitrogen, and herbicides. Feed: At 114.5, the January index increased 0.1 percent from December but decreased 6.8 percent from last January. Since December, higher prices for complete feeds and feed grains more than offset lower prices for hay & forages, concentrates, and supplements. Livestock and poultry: The January index, at 207.2, increased 4.3 percent from December and 25 percent from last year. Since December, prices are higher for feeder cattle and feeder pigs. The January feeder cattle price, at $298.00 per cwt, is up $10.00 per cwt from the December price. The January feeder pigs price, at $255.00 per cwt, is up $44.00 per cwt from December. Fertilizer: The index for January, at 104.1, is up 0.1 percent from December but down 2.1 percent from January a year ago. Since December, higher prices for mixed fertilizer and potash & phosphate more than offset lower prices for nitrogen. Chemicals: The January index, at 126.7, is down 0.2 percent from December but up 0.7 percent from last January. Fuels: At 89.1, the January index is up 5.9 percent from December but down 1.8 percent from January 2024. Compared with December, prices are higher for LP gas, diesel, and gasoline. Machinery: The index for January, at 166.2, is unchanged from December but up 1.3 percent from last January. Consumer Price Index: The January 2025 Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U), as issued by the Bureau of Labor Statistics, increased 3.0 percent over the last 12 months to an index level of 317.671 (1982- 1984=100). For the month, the index increased 0.6 percent prior to seasonal adjustment. Prices Paid Indexes and Related Parity Ratios - United States: January 2025 with Comparisons [Revised historical price indexes for months not shown are available at www.nass.usda.gov] --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1910-1914 Base : 2011 Base Index Group :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- and : January : December : January : January : December : January Ratios : 2024 : 2024 : 2025 : 2024 : 2024 : 2025 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : percent : Prices paid by farmers for : commodities, services, : interest, taxes, and wage : rates (PPITW) ...................: 3783 3837 3966 139.9 141.9 146.7 Production ....................: 2832 2882 3003 136.1 138.5 144.3 Feed ........................: 1351 1259 1260 122.8 114.4 114.5 Livestock and poultry .......: 3263 3921 4090 165.3 198.7 207.2 Seeds .......................: 4560 4560 4560 138.7 138.7 138.7 Fertilizer ..................: 1281 1253 1255 106.3 104.0 104.1 Chemicals ...................: 1129 1139 1137 125.8 126.9 126.7 Fuels .......................: 2535 2353 2493 90.7 84.1 89.1 Supplies and repairs ........: 1718 1726 1727 145.6 146.3 146.4 : Autos and trucks ............: 3967 3945 3955 129.0 128.3 128.6 Machinery ...................: 10027 10151 10151 164.1 166.2 166.2 Building materials ..........: 3878 3890 3921 166.6 167.1 168.5 Services and rent ...........: 3337 3358 3460 (NA) (NA) (NA) Services ....................: (NA) (NA) (NA) 146.6 148.0 152.5 Rent ........................: (NA) (NA) (NA) 137.6 137.6 141.7 : Interest 1/ ...................: 5766 5766 5457 158.0 158.0 149.6 Taxes 2/ ......................: 9587 9587 10066 161.6 161.6 169.6 Wage rates ....................: 12476 12233 12233 174.2 170.8 170.8 Family living-CPI 3/ ..........: 2931 2999 3019 137.1 140.3 141.3 : Production, interest, taxes, : and wage rates (PITW) .........: 3955 4006 4157 140.3 142.1 147.4 : Ratio (received/paid) ...........: (NA) (NA) (NA) 80 89 88 Parity ratio 4/ .................: 31 34 34 (NA) (NA) (NA) Parity ratio adjusted 5/ ........: 32 35 37 (NA) (NA) (NA) PPITW adjusted for : productivity 6/ ...............: 1993 1993 2105 (NA) (NA) (NA) : Crop sector (PPITW) .............: (NA) (NA) (NA) 138.5 138.6 142.7 Livestock sector (PPITW) ........: (NA) (NA) (NA) 141.4 145.4 150.7 : Farm sector (production) ........: (NA) (NA) (NA) 139.4 146.1 152.3 Non-farm sector (production) ....: (NA) (NA) (NA) 134.1 133.8 138.9 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (NA) Not available. 1/ Interest per acre on farm real estate debt and interest rate on farm non-real estate debt. 2/ Farm real estate taxes payable per acre. 3/ Bureau of Labor Statistics, Consumer Price Index for all urban consumers (CPI-U), converted by the USDA. 4/ Ratio of index of prices received to PPITW (1910-1914=100). 5/ Based on estimated cash receipts, from marketings and government payments, the preliminary adjustment factor is updated annually. 6/ PPITW is adjusted based on productivity trend for the prior 15 years. Prices Paid Indexes and Annual Weights for Input Components and Sub-components - United States: January 2025 with Comparisons [Revised historical price indexes for months not shown are available at www.nass.usda.gov. Relative weights are a five year moving average] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Relative weights : Indexes (2011=100) :------------------------------------------------------- Index Group : : : January :December : January : 2024 : 2025 : 2024 : 2024 : 2025 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : percent : Production items ............: 76.036 75.027 136.1 138.5 144.3 : Feed ......................: 14.590 14.164 122.8 114.4 114.5 Feed grains .............: 2.086 2.026 82.3 72.3 73.3 Complete feeds ..........: 7.149 6.941 127.9 125.4 126.3 Hay and forages .........: 1.824 1.771 126.8 104.2 101.5 Concentrates ............: 2.305 2.238 132.6 119.9 118.6 Supplements .............: 1.226 1.190 137.6 127.4 127.3 Livestock and poultry .....: 9.438 10.997 165.3 198.7 207.2 Feeder cattle ...........: 7.352 8.567 179.6 210.2 217.5 Feeder pigs .............: 0.755 0.880 82.9 150.7 182.1 Milk cow replacements ...: 0.765 0.891 133.1 183.1 187.3 Poultry .................: 0.566 0.660 133.5 133.5 133.5 : Seeds .....................: 4.766 4.983 138.7 138.7 138.7 Field crops .............: 4.318 4.515 136.9 136.9 136.9 Grasses and legumes .....: 0.448 0.468 156.4 156.4 156.4 Fertilizer ................: 8.927 6.421 106.3 104.0 104.1 Mixed fertilizer ........: 3.928 2.825 104.4 105.5 105.9 Nitrogen ................: 3.749 2.697 108.6 101.2 100.9 Potash and phosphate ....: 1.250 0.899 105.2 107.5 108.2 Chemicals .................: 4.695 4.074 125.8 126.9 126.7 Herbicides ..............: 2.958 2.567 138.0 139.2 138.9 Insecticides ............: 1.080 0.937 104.9 105.9 105.7 Fungicides and other ....: 0.657 0.570 105.3 106.3 106.1 : Fuels .....................: 3.668 3.099 90.7 84.1 89.1 Diesel ..................: 2.283 1.929 89.4 81.1 84.3 Gasoline ................: 0.768 0.649 85.3 83.8 85.3 LP gas ..................: 0.617 0.521 101.8 95.8 111.7 Supplies and repairs ......: 4.176 4.318 145.6 146.3 146.4 Supplies ................: 1.399 1.447 143.2 144.2 144.3 Repairs .................: 2.777 2.871 146.8 147.3 147.5 Autos and trucks ..........: 1.074 1.091 129.0 128.3 128.6 Autos ...................: 0.140 0.142 122.4 121.1 121.4 Trucks ..................: 0.934 0.949 130.0 129.4 129.7 : Machinery .................: 4.501 4.884 164.1 166.2 166.2 Tractors ................: 0.990 1.075 138.5 139.2 139.2 Self-propelled ..........: 1.800 1.954 151.1 153.7 153.7 Other machinery .........: 1.710 1.856 192.7 194.9 194.9 Building materials ........: 3.485 3.531 166.6 167.1 168.5 Services ..................: 10.726 11.304 146.6 148.0 152.5 Custom rates ............: 1.105 1.164 143.5 143.5 143.5 Other services ..........: 9.621 10.140 147.0 148.5 153.5 Rent ......................: 5.990 6.161 137.6 137.6 141.7 Cash ....................: 3.217 3.308 140.3 140.3 143.3 Share ...................: 2.773 2.852 134.4 134.4 139.8 : Interest ....................: 2.032 2.370 158.0 158.0 149.6 Taxes .......................: 2.923 3.092 161.6 161.6 169.6 Wage rates ..................: 6.436 6.848 174.2 170.8 170.8 Family living-CPI ...........: 12.574 12.663 137.1 140.3 141.3 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Feed Price Ratios - United States: January 2025 with Comparisons ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Feed price ratio 1/ : January 2024 :December 2024 : January 2025 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Broiler-feed: pounds of broiler grower feed equal : in value to 1 pound of broiler, live weight 2/ ......: 5.4 6.8 6.8 : Market egg feed: pounds of laying feed equal in : value to 1 dozen eggs 3/ ............................: 17.2 47.3 65.6 : Hog-corn: bushels of corn equal in value to : 100 pounds of hog, live weight ......................: 11.2 14.7 14.2 : Milk-feed: pounds of 16% mixed dairy feed equal : in value to 1 pound of whole milk 4/ ................: 1.98 2.73 2.82 : Steer & heifer-corn: bushels of corn equal : in value to 100 pounds of steer & heifers, : live weight .......................................: 37.1 45.6 47.1 : Turkey-feed: pounds of turkey grower equal in : value to 1 pound of turkey, live weight 5/ ..........: 4.3 5.0 4.9 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Effective January 1995, prices of commercial prepared feeds are based on current United States prices received for corn, soybeans, alfalfa hay, and all wheat. 2/ The price of commercial prepared broiler feed is based on current United States prices received for corn and soybeans. The modeled feed uses 58 percent corn and 42 percent soybeans. 3/ The price of commercial prepared layer feed is based on current United States prices received for corn and soybeans. The modeled feed uses 75 percent corn and 25 percent soybeans. 4/ The price of commercial prepared dairy feed is based on current United States prices received for corn, soybeans, and alfalfa. The modeled feed uses 51 percent corn, 8 percent soybeans, and 41 percent alfalfa. 5/ The price of commercial prepared turkey feed is based on current United States prices received for corn, soybeans, and wheat. The modeled feed uses 51 percent corn, 28 percent soybeans, and 21 percent wheat. Prices Received Used to Calculate Feed Price Ratios - United States: January 2025 with Comparisons [Price data source for livestock and poultry commodities is United States Department of Agriculture's Agriculture Marketing Service] --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Item : January 2024 :December 2024 : January 2025 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars : Broilers, live ................pound: 0.742 0.760 0.775 Eggs, market ..................dozen: 2.01 4.61 6.50 : Hogs, all .......................cwt: 53.00 62.30 61.10 Milk, all .......................cwt: 20.10 23.30 24.10 : Steers and heifers ..............cwt: 176.00 193.00 202.00 Turkeys, live .................pound: 0.541 0.516 0.511 : Corn .........................bushel: 4.74 4.23 4.29 Hay, alfalfa ....................ton: 202.00 164.00 161.00 : Soybeans .....................bushel: 12.80 9.79 10.00 Wheat, all ...................bushel: 6.77 5.49 5.52 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Prices Paid for Feeder Livestock - United States: January 2025 with Comparisons [Price data source is United States Department of Agriculture's Agriculture Marketing Service] --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Item : January 2024 :December 2024 : January 2025 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars : Feeder cattle & calves ..........cwt: 246.00 288.00 298.00 Feeder pigs .....................cwt: 116.00 211.00 255.00 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Reliability of Prices Paid Estimates Definition: Prices paid by farmers represent the average costs of inputs purchased by farmers and ranchers to produce agricultural commodities. Conceptually, the average price when multiplied by quantity purchased should equal total producer expenditures for the item. Survey procedures: The prices paid data are obtained from establishments that sell goods and services to farmers and ranchers. Annually, about 8,500 firms are randomly selected from lists by type of item sold with an average response rate in the range of 75-80 percent. Firms are asked to report the price for the specified item "most commonly bought by farmers" or that was the "volume seller". Approximately 135 items are surveyed each March to represent all production input items purchased. The survey reference period for all items is the full preceding calendar year. Separate prices paid surveys are conducted for agricultural chemicals, fuels, feed, fertilizer, machinery, and seed. Summary and estimation procedures: The annual March Prices Paid Survey is summarized as a non-probability survey. Average prices reported are aggregated to the region and United States level using weights available from expenditure data and other administrative sources. Price recommendations are prepared by the Regional Field Offices and Headquarters for review by the Agricultural Statistics Board in Washington, D.C. Also, the change in price level for individual items surveyed are combined to the regional and United States levels, and are published as prices paid indexes referenced to a specific base period. Prices paid indexes for new autos and trucks, building materials, farm supplies, motor supplies, and marketing containers are updated based on price changes measured in selected Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) indexes. Revisions: Any revisions are published in the monthly and in annual issues of Agricultural Prices. The basis for revision must be supported by additional data that directly affect the level of the estimate. More revisions are likely for March when separate prices paid surveys are conducted, in lieu of BLS indexes, by the USDA to measure price change. Reliability: Current methods of summarization for the March data are not designed directly to calculate sampling errors. However, analytical measures approximate the United States relative sampling errors for major items around 10 percent. Any non-sampling errors are attributed to such things as the inability to obtain correct information, differences in interpreting questions or definitions, mistakes in coding or processing the data, etc. Efforts are made at each step in the survey process to minimize these non- sampling errors. Program Changes: See Price Program Links at the end of this report for details on program changes to the Prices Program methodology. Information Contacts General Bryan Combs, Chief, Environmental, Economics, and Demographics Branch..................................... (202) 720-6146 Crop Prices Received Patrick Boyle, Chief, Crops Branch ....................................................................... (202) 720-2127 Chris Hawthorn, Head, Field Crops Section................................................................. (202) 720-2127 Irwin Anolik - Flaxseed, Mustard Seed................................................................... (202) 720-7621 Joshua Bates - Hemp, Oats, Soybeans..................................................................... (202) 690-3234 Natasha Bruton - Barley................................................................................. (202) 690-1042 Michelle Harder - Hay, Peanuts.......................................................................... (202) 690-8533 Greg Lemmons - Corn, Proso Millet, Rice................................................................. (202) 720-9526 James Johanson - Rye, Wheat............................................................................. (202) 720-8068 Becky Sommer - Cotton, Cotton Ginnings, Sorghum......................................................... (202) 720-5944 Travis Thorson - Canola, Rapeseed, Safflower, Sunflower................................................. (202) 720-7369 Fleming Gibson, Head, Fruits, Vegetables and Special Crops Section........................................ (202) 720-2127 Deonne Holiday - Almonds, Carrots, Coffee, Cranberries, Garlic, Onions, Plums, Prunes, Tobacco................................................................................ (202) 720-4288 Bret Holliman - Apricots, Chickpeas, Nectarines, Peaches, Snap Beans, Sweet Corn, Tomatoes.................................................................................. (202) 720-7235 Robert Little - Blueberries, Cabbage, Dry Beans, Lettuce, Macadamia, Maple Syrup, Pears, Raspberries, Spinach.............................................................. (202) 720-3250 Krishna Rizal - Artichokes, Asparagus, Celery, Grapefruit, Kiwifruit, Lemons, Mandarins and tangerines, Mint, Mushrooms, Olives, Oranges, Pistachios................................ (202) 720-5412 Chris Singh - Apples, Cucumbers, Hazelnuts, Potatoes, Pumpkins, Squash, Strawberries, Sugarbeets, Sugarcane, Sweet Potatoes........................................... (202) 720-4285 Antonio Torres - Cantaloupes, Dry Edible Peas, Grapes, Green Peas, Honeydews, Lentils, Sweet Cherries, Tart Cherries, Walnuts, Watermelons............................... (202) 720-2157 Chris Wallace - Avocados, Bell Peppers, Broccoli, Cauliflower, Chile Peppers, Dates, Floriculture, Hops, Papayas, Pecans............................................. (202) 720-4215 Livestock Prices Received Travis Averill, Chief, Livestock Branch................................................................... (202) 692-0069 Scott Hollis, Head, Livestock Section..................................................................... (202) 690-2424 Ryan Cowen - Cattle and Cattle on Feed.................................................................. (202) 720-3040 Kim DaPra - Milk, Milk Cows............................................................................. (202) 720-3278 Ralph Mondesir - Hogs and Pigs.......................................................................... (202) 221-9297 Vacant, Head, Poultry and Specialty Commodities Section................................................... (202) 720-2127 Fatema Haque - Turkeys.................................................................................. (202) 720-3244 Seth Riggins - Honey.................................................................................... (202) 720-3106 Autumn Stone - Eggs..................................................................................... (202) 690-3676 Takiyah Walker - Broilers............................................................................... (202) 720-6147 Indexes, Prices Paid, and Parity Prices Bryan Combs, Chief, Environmental, Economics, and Demographics Branch..................................... (202) 720-6146 Irvin Yeager, Head, Economics Section..................................................................... (202) 720-2127 Yukun Fung - Prices Received Indexes, Parity Prices, Prices Paid Indexes (202) 720-6881 Scott Peterson - Prices Received Indexes, Parity Prices, Prices Paid Indexes (202) 690-0726 Max Reason - Prices Received Indexes, Parity Prices, Prices Paid Indexes, Prices Paid for Feed, Fertilizer, Chemicals, Seeds, Fuels, Farm Supplies and Repairs, Farm Machinery, Feeder Livestock, Poultry Chicks, Feed Price Ratios.................................................................... (202) 973-4588 Access to NASS Reports For your convenience, you may access NASS reports and products the following ways: All reports are available electronically, at no cost, on the NASS web site: www.nass.usda.gov. Both national and state specific reports are available via a free e- mail subscription. To set-up this free subscription, visit www.nass.usda.gov and click on "National" or "State" in upper right corner above "search" box to create an account and select the reports you would like to receive. Cornell's Mann Library has launched a new website housing NASS's and other agency's archived reports. The new website, https://usda.library.cornell.edu. All email subscriptions containing reports will be sent from the new website, https://usda.library.cornell.edu. To continue receiving the reports via e-mail, you will have to go to the new website, create a new account and re-subscribe to the reports. 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In accordance with Federal civil rights law and U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) civil rights regulations and policies, the USDA, its Agencies, offices, and employees, and institutions participating in or administering USDA programs are prohibited from discriminating based on race, color, national origin, religion, sex, disability, age, marital status, family/parental status, income derived from a public assistance program, political beliefs, or reprisal or retaliation for prior civil rights activity, in any program or activity conducted or funded by USDA (not all bases apply to all programs). Remedies and complaint filing deadlines vary by program or incident. Persons with disabilities who require alternative means of communication for program information (e.g., Braille, large print, audiotape, American Sign Language, etc.) should contact the responsible Agency or USDA's TARGET Center at (202) 720-2600 (voice and TTY) or contact USDA through the Federal Relay Service at (800) 877-8339. Additionally, program information may be made available in languages other than English. To file a program discrimination complaint, complete the USDA Program Discrimination Complaint Form, AD-3027, found online at How to File a Program Discrimination Complaint and at any USDA office or write a letter addressed to USDA and provide in the letter all of the information requested in the form. To request a copy of the complaint form, call (866) 632-9992. Submit your completed form or letter to USDA by: (1) mail: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Office of the Assistant Secretary for Civil Rights, 1400 Independence Avenue, SW, Washington, D.C. 20250-9410; (2) fax: (202) 690- 7442; or (3) email: program.intake@usda.gov. USDA is an equal opportunity provider, employer, and lender. Price Program Links Economics and Prices http://www.nass.usda.gov/Statistics_by_Subject/Economics_and_Prices/index.php Agricultural Prices Program and Survey https://www.nass.usda.gov/Surveys/Guide_to_NASS_Surveys/Prices/